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Tuesday, 10 March 2026

WHAT'S HAPPENING IN MEGALOPOLIS?

THE OLDEST WOODEN HUMAN TOOLS IN THE WORLD WERE FOUND IN MEGALOPOLIS

Who would have thought that an extremely important discovery would be made in this sleepy town of apprx. 9,000 people. Well... everybody should, because Megalopolis is no stranger to important archaeological findings. 

It is the place of the mythical Giganomachy when the Olympian Gods defeated the Giants, Myth closely related to findings of ancient large animals connected to reality  by the the discovery of buchering of elephands.
Evidence has been found from these deposits for the inhabiting of the area by the extinct human species Homo heidelbergensis around 500-400,000.
According to Wiki:                                                                              The oldest handheld wooden tools ever found are approximately 430,000-year-old artifacts discovered at the Marathousa 1 site in Greece, pushing back the known history of wooden tool use by 40,000 years. These items, including an 81-cm-long carved alder stick, were used by early humans for tasks like digging.
But it's not just that. A very recent discovery has changed what we knew about the use of tools by early humans. The discovery happened when a team of paleoarchaeologists excavated at Marathousa 1 site of Megalopolis.


Team leader Dr Katerina Harvati said:
The two wooden tools found show signs of cutting  and were found among skeletal rtemains of elephands.  They are dated at around 430,000 YA.



Click on the links to find exciting information about the subjects.






All this ties well with Dr Harvati's prervious studies in Apidima, Peloponnese  on the dating of Human occupationnof Eurasia, according to which:
Very recent (July 2019) findings in Greece have proven that Homo sapiens has occupied the area about 210,000 ago, that is some 150,000 years earlier than previously thought. (Nature magazine: “Apidima Cave fossils provide earliest evidence of Homo sapiens in Eurasia” 












































Friday, 27 February 2026

FROM GREEK PHILOSOPHY TO CHRISTIANITY AND WESTERN VALUES

 THE SPREAD OF CHRISTIANITY


Anyone can read in numerous media the route of the spread of Christianity through the Roman Empire. 

The Altar to the Unknown God (Greek: Agnostos Theos - Ἄγνωστος Θεός) is a historical and biblical artifact mentioned in the New Testament (Acts 17:23) when the Apostle Paul visited Athens around 50 AD. While surveying the city's numerous idols and shrines, Paul observed an altar inscribed "To an Unknown God" and used it as a starting point to introduce the Christian concept of the one true God to the Athenian philosophers.  From GOOGLE AI
If you dig deeper in AI you'll find that it was the widespread of a common language that played a large part in the spread: the Alexandrian Hellenic KOINE. But it goes deeper than that.
When the Apostole Paul ventured out of Judea he first visited Arabia in 34-36 AD. His main, by far, apostolic mission was in the West, mainly in Greece and Rome.
Somehow he must have realised that that was the path to create a chance for his faith to grow.
Obviously History proved him right.
As we can see he concentrated in the Hellenic area probably because of the spoken language but also because he realised of the importance of Greek Philosophy to the Christian teaching.
In his second missionary journey he stopped in Athens where he saw an altar dedicated "TO THE UNKNOWN GOD" (ΤΩ ΑΓΝΩΣΤΩ ΘΕΩ).

Here we can see the map of Paul's second journey and the altar to the unknown god.
The acceptance of Christianity by the Hellenes is a testament to the spread of knowledge which eventually, became the basis of Western ideology.
It was in 313 AD that Emperor Constantine declared tolerance for all religions through the EDICT OF MILAN. This the breakthrough for the Christian populations because public and personal funds were alocated for the building of churches and the support of the clergy.

It's not a wonder that Greek society is so deeply devoted to the Christian belief as it is merely an extension of the social structure there. The unknown God became the triad of Christian deity, Athena became the Holy Mother. It really was a smooth transformation. Eventually, this became the basis for the Western philosophy influencing all aspects of society, even architecture.

Let's all light a candle to Apostle Paul for becoming the link to merging the Hellenic and Christian cultures.

                                                                                             

A stamp has been issued by the Hellenic Postal Service commemorating Paul's visit to Athens.


                                                                                                        


Saturday, 31 January 2026

TURKEY HAS NO RIGHT TO ISSUE NAVTEX IN THE AEGEAN

 CLAIMS BY TURKEY ARE ILLEGAL AND IMPERIALISTIC

 In maritime contexts, NAVTEX (NAVegational TEXt) is an international, automated medium-frequency service that provides ships with essential Marine Safety Information (MSI), including weather forecasts, navigational warnings, and search and rescue notices. 

Each signatory country to this service is allocated a portion of maritime area to control and issue warnings to International shipping.  The organisation overseeing this system is the IHO (International Hydrographic Organisation) which has 102 member states including Greece and Turkey. As a result the two countries are obliged to control their portion of maritime area. The IHO has drawn and published detailed maps of the areas allocated to each country and these are easily checked by anybody. We show below the map referring to the East Mediterranean.
During the latest NAVAREA meeting, Greece was asked to control the North Eastern area of Libya.

The map was published after the meeting of  THE NAVAREA III NAVTEX SERVICE NATIONAL CO-ORDINATORS MEETING IHB, PRINCIPALITY OF MONACO, 18-19 JANUARY 2006.


Let's explain the map:
Red lines: The lines enclosing a country's area of control.
Red dots: The stations which issue NAVTEX.  
By closing-in we can see the responsibility areas of Greece and Turkey as set by IHO.      

GREECE        
Lemnos for North Aegean 
Heraklion for South Aeggean 
Corfu for South Adriatic and Ionian Seas                                                                               

TURKEY                            
Istanbul
: Serves the Sea of Marmara and western Black Sea
Samsun: covers the Black Sea
Izmir: broadcasts for the Aegean borders
Antalya:Provides warnings for the Mediterranean Sea          


It is, therefore, not possible for Turkey to issue NAVTEX for areas in Greece's responsibility; no ifs no buts no coconuts.


COMPRENDS?

(Excuse my French)




SOURCES:


GOOGLE AI overview on  NAVTEX meaning in maritime
https://www.google.com/search?q=navtex+meaning+in+maritime&oq=NAVTEX+MEANING&gs_lcrp=EgZjaHJvbWUqBwgBEAAYgAQyBwgAEAAYgAQyBwgBEAAYgAQyCAgCEAAYFhgeMggIAxAAGBYYHjIICAQQABgWGB4yCAgFEAAYFhgeMggIBhAAGBYYHjIICAcQABgWGB4yDQgIEAAYhgMYgAQYigUyDQgJEAAYhgMYgAQYigXSAQozMzI3NWowajE1qAIIsAIB8QUdsYfxk3WzJfEFHbGH8ZN1syU&sourceid=chrome&ie=UTF-8
GOOGLE AI
https://www.google.com/search?q=turkish+navtex+issuing+stations&num=10&sca_esv=efbb7c509a58d99b&sxsrf=AE3TifOImPX2jj52fcCMnFoGZ5Rx-XT7_g%3A1759659219746&udm=50&fbs=AIIjpHxU7SXXniUZfeShr2fp4giZ1Y6MJ25_tmWITc7uy4KIeqDdErwP5rACeJAty2zADJgYJpo1blvMpITBRgbnARM6y8KwxzRsF24u6g33NutBQiYU4YYg2NVY9oewD6JMcYBKargMsgCi4cL08u6SynE_cy-05ouuwN6iQirrv5M9n70PIysVTl7Iu_TGD_Sddr0p2qNgSo3BfXOJ_vI1AD3GRn5E_w&aep=1&ntc=1&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwiHud-16YyQAxWBXkEAHZQrIgsQ2J8OegQIDxAE&biw=1451&bih=727&dpr=1.25&mtid=3ETiaLT9K46FhbIP1N31kQw&mstk=AUtExfDemSDHZzs8p_Su18jZy_H9JqNByXT-R6k00d2Y9VeWlY3DUtnMAcCagTi8cCD_nq63sPnyehPdMLj6KzJel2P3m8tBLM7h3ZbX90icQDd26EmnIGOgHu8Kf1RkwThHs3SZjlZh78j1GOIgi6F86ZTfY8poSMDMBsibJq8ildpcawAoqtnLTqmCgWEHbz3iGjf9CW8yCc2jCfDOOU_Ar9tf6DAYQIUbKzA2kLSbcyvoau_k2wWcqzmU9ysbKNdsP5wiELaLOFXvIxfQW-THXSxnFFqOIO1fuSKTmswtXQLAg2a20quaPcPJBsyldiKPqf0cI7YFQgYqqg&csuir=1

NAVAREA 3
https://www.google.com/search?q=What+is+NAVAREA+III&num=10&sca_esv=25c2551b4f45e1f2&sxsrf=AE3TifPda5QldI7YFE7gHDV4t5O-zHHiag%3A1759486036989&ei=VKDfaLGQPJCphbIP2b3xiAY&ved=0ahUKEwixiuOh5IeQAxWQVEEAHdleHGEQ4dUDCBA&uact=5&oq=What+is+NAVAREA+III&gs_lp=Egxnd3Mtd2l6LXNlcnAiE1doYXQgaXMgTkFWQVJFQSBJSUkyCBAAGIAEGKIEMggQABiABBiiBDIIEAAYgAQYogQyCBAAGIAEGKIESLAjUKQNWP8dcAF4AZABAJgBuAGgAdcHqgEDMy41uAEDyAEA-AEBmAIJoAKWCMICChAAGLADGNYEGEfCAgcQIxiwAhgnwgIHEAAYgAQYDcICCBAAGAcYCB]gewgIGEAAYDRgewgIIEAAYogQYiQXCAgUQABjvBcICBBAhGAqYAwCIBgGQBgiSBwMzLjagB8QqsgcDMi42uAeHCMIHBzAuMy40LjLIByw&sclient=gws-wiz-serp
 Map of IHO Member States: 
https://iho.int/en/map-of-member-states

MINUTES OF THE NAVAREA III NAVTEX SERVICE NATIONAL CO-ORDINATORS MEETING IHB, PRINCIPALITY OF MONACO, 18-19 JANUARY 2006 
https://iho.int/uploads/user/Inter-Regional%20Coordination/WWNWS/Relevant%20MSI%20Publications%20and%20Documents/English/NAVAREA3_Navtex_Mtg_Report.pdf




Sunday, 25 January 2026

HOW GREEK AM I?

 At last, my genealogy roots revealed


 I recently found out about this website which connects modern DNA with historical-ancient DNA. The results were astonishing.

The website is called MY TRUE ANCESTRY and is absolutelyfree.  You upload your raw data from any  DNA website and the engine shows you the results. 

To get your raw DNA data from Ancestry, log in to your account, go to your DNA Settings, and click "Download DNA Data" in the Test Management section. You will need to enter your password, check a consent box, and verify via email to receive a download link, which can take up to 24 hours.                       from GOOGLE AI

You will then go to TRUE ANCESTRY where you will follow the apropriate steps.

Below I am showing my results as a wheel according to Ethnicity and percentage DNA matches with ancient populations. At the end of the wheel there is a group of populations too small which are  shown separately.

I was not surprised that there is no evidence of any Slavic or African DNA present. This ties up with the findings of many international studies

I should say that these results completly tie up with the results I got from Ancestry (where I got my raw data from)  and no wonder that Ancestry says I am 50% Italian, although this is a generalised result.

To see the significance of the deep search by TRUE ANCESTRY look at the list of populations below the wheel.



LIST OF POPULATIONS

Hellenic Romans, or Byzantine Greeks, were the Greek-speaking citizens of the Eastern Roman (Byzantine) Empire who maintained Roman political identity while embracing Hellenistic culture, language, and Orthodox Christianity. They identified as Rhōmaîoi (Romans) until the late Middle Ages, gradually merging classical Greek heritage with Roman statehood. 

The Romans were an ancient civilization originating from the city of Rome in Italy, which expanded to rule a vast, 1,000-year empire (approx. 700 BC to AD 476) spanning Europe, North Africa, and the Middle East. Known for their powerful army, engineering, and laws, they transitioned from a kingdom to a republic, and finally an empire. 

The Byzantine Empire, or Eastern Roman Empire, was the direct continuation of the Roman Empire in its eastern provinces during Late Antiquity and the Middle Ages, lasting from the 4th century until 1453. Centered in Constantinople, it survived the fall of the Western Roman Empire, maintaining a largely Greek-speaking, Christian civilization

Ancient Greeks, or Hellenesformed a foundational Mediterranean civilization (c. 1200–146 BC) characterized by independent city-states like Athens and Sparta

The Carians were an ancient Anatolian people from the region of Caria in southwest Asia Minor (modern Turkey), known as skilled seafarers, soldiers, and traders during the Bronze Age and early classical periods

The Kingdom of Lydia was a wealthy and influential Iron Age state located in western Anatolia (modern-day Turkey) during the first millennium B.C.

The Carthaginians, or Punic people, were a dominant maritime, trading civilization based in North Africa (modern Tunisia) that flourished from the 9th century BC until destroyed by Rome in 146 BC

The Thracians were a group of Indo-European tribes that inhabited Southeast Europe (modern Bulgaria, Romania, Greece, and Turkey) from the 2nd millennium BC until they were assimilated by the Roman Empire

The Hittites were an ancient Indo-European people who established a major Bronze Age empire centered at Hattusa in Anatolia (modern-day Turkey) during the 2nd millennium BC.

The Galatians were a Celtic people who migrated from Gaul (modern-day France) to central Anatolia (modern-day Turkey) in the 3rd century BCE

The Corinthian Greeks were citizens of the ancient city-state of Corinth, located on the strategic isthmus connecting the Peloponnese to the Greek mainland         from GOOGLE AI 


BELOW, THE DISTRIBUTION OF MINOR POPULATIONS



The Samnites were a powerful Oscan-speaking confederation of tribes inhabiting the mountainous Samnium region of south-central Italy (modern Abruzzo, Molise, Campania) during the first millennium BC
The Seleucids were Macedonian Greek dynasty that ruled the vast Seleucid Empire, a Hellenistic successor state to Alexander the Great's empire, from 312 BCE to 63 BCE
Pontic Greeks (Pontians) are an indigenous Greek population from the Pontus region along the northeastern Black Sea coast of modern-day Turkey
The Macedonian Empire, established between 359–323 BC and led by Philip II and his son Alexander the Great, was a short-lived but vast dominion stretching from Greece to Egypt and India
The Illyrians were a group of Indo-European-speaking tribes inhabiting the western Balkan Peninsula—modern-day Albania, Montenegro, Bosnia and Herzegovina, and Croatia—from roughly the 10th century BCE until Roman conquest
The Amorites were an ancient Northwest Semitic-speaking people from Syria who dominated Mesopotamia, Syria, and Canaan from the 21st to the 17th century BC.
Urartu was a powerful Iron Age kingdom (c. 9th–6th centuries B.C.E.) located in the Armenian Highlands around Lake Van (modern-day eastern Turkey, Armenia, and Iran)
The Ottomans were a Turkic dynasty and the ruling elite of the Ottoman Empire (c. 1299–1922), founded by Osman I in Anatolia
The Sequani were a powerful Celtic tribe in ancient Gaul, inhabiting the region between the Saône, Rhône, and Rhine rivers (modern Franche-Comté/Burgundy) with their capital at Vesontio (Besançon)
Armenians are an indigenous Indo-European ethnic group from the Armenian Highlands in West Asia, with a history spanning thousands of years. As one of the oldest civilizations, they established early states, adopted Christianity as a state religion in 301 AD, and maintained a distinct culture despite periods of foreign rule
Galicians are an ethnic and linguistic group native to the autonomous community of Galicia in the northwestern Iberian Peninsula (modern-day Spain)
The Minoans were a major Bronze Age civilization that flourished on the island of Crete from approximately the 27th century BCE to the 15th century BCE
The Aramaeans were ancient, Semitic-speaking tribal people from what is now Syria
The Nairi were a powerful Late Bronze Age alliance of tribes and small kingdoms (c. 14th–10th centuries BCE) based around Lake Van in the Armenian Plateau (modern eastern Turkey)
The term Hispanians (Latin: Hispani or Hispanienses) historically refers to the inhabitants of Hispania, which was the Roman name for the Iberian Peninsula (comprising modern-day Spain, Portugal, Andorra, and Gibraltar). 
The Achaeans (/əˈkiːənz/; Ἀχαιοί) were a foundational Greek-speaking people, predominantly used by Homer in the Iliad to collectively describe the Greeks (Mycenaeans) who besieged Troy
The Phoenicians were an ancient Semitic-speaking maritime civilization (circa 1500–300 BC) based in the Levant (modern-day Lebanon and Syria)
The Alans were an ancient, nomadic Iranian-speaking people, part of the Sarmatian confederation
The Guanches were the indigenous Berber-descended, Neolithic people of the Canary Islands, inhabiting the archipelago for roughly 3,000 years before the Spanish conquest in the 15th century.            from GOOGLE AI


NOW I CAN SLEEP EASY!